New Oxford study links brain iron levels to psychosis
Findings could lead to improved treatments for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
A new study by Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust has shown that changes in how iron is stored in the brain could be linked to psychosis, including conditions like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
Led by Associate Professor Robert McCutcheon, the research combined results from 27 MRI brain imaging studies involving 879 people with psychosis and 813 people without.
The study found that people with psychosis had lower iron levels in certain parts of the brain responsible for controlling dopamine, a chemical associated with mood and thinking.
This included the substantia nigra, an area where dopamine activity is often heightened in those with psychotic illnesses.
Researchers suggest that reduced iron in this region could potentially lead to increased dopamine activity, providing an explanation for the condition's overactive dopamine levels.
The study also noted higher levels of neuromelanin-related signals in the same brain region.
Neuromelanin is a pigment linked to dopamine that also binds to iron.
Impact on treatment approaches
Psychosis-related conditions affect millions worldwide, and current treatments do not always work effectively for everyone.
Researchers believe that the role of iron could offer fresh approaches to psychosis treatment, beyond just focusing on dopamine.
Robert McCutcheon said: "These findings suggest that iron storage in the brain is altered in psychosis. Understanding this could help us identify new treatment targets by linking iron biology to dopamine activity.
"More studies, particularly those following patients over time, are needed. However, the study provides an important step forward in understanding the underlying biology of schizophrenia."