UK Covid-19 inquiry reveals challenges faced by NHS during pandemic

The report will look at the strain placed on the nation's healthcare system during the pandemic.

The national covid memorial with painted hearts to commemorate victims of the COVID-19 pandemic
Author: Aileen O'SullivanPublished 19th Mar 2026

The UK Covid-19 Public Inquiry is set to release a comprehensive report detailing the strain placed on the nation's healthcare system during the coronavirus pandemic.

Testimonies from health leaders have highlighted the profound challenges faced by NHS staff and patients during the crisis.

Professor Kevin Fong, former national clinical adviser at NHS England, described the overwhelming scale of deaths on intensive care units as "truly astounding."

He recounted the dire conditions witnessed in hospitals, some of which were close to collapse.

Testimonies from other key figures like Dame Ruth May, former chief nursing officer for England, underscored the staffing shortages as the NHS entered the pandemic with 40,000 fewer nurses than required.

The escalation in patient numbers forced critical care nurses to manage up to six patients at once, rather than the usual one-to-one care.

Former health secretary Matt Hancock addressed the inquiry, revealing that hospitals were within "hours" of depleting their supplies of personal protective equipment (PPE) during the initial phase of the pandemic.

He also defended the decision to halt non-urgent planned care, prioritising hospital capacity for Covid-19 and emergency cases.

Last November the Covid Inquiry found the response of all four UK governments to the pandemic was "too little, too late":

England's chief medical officer, Professor Sir Chris Whitty, acknowledged communication shortcomings regarding hospital visits for non-Covid illnesses amidst the pressing need for lockdown measures.

Critics have highlighted the repercussions of pausing routine care, pointing to fatalities from treatable non-Covid conditions due to restricted access to NHS services.

Baroness Heather Hallett, the inquiry chairwoman, has examined the NHS response, including management strategies, primary care involvement, backlogs, and the integration of the vaccine program.

Findings from Module 3, focused on long Covid diagnosis and support, are expected today (Thursday 19th.)

Covid-19 Bereaved Families for Justice have called for the report to candidly address shortcomings and stress the urgent need for restored funding and capacity in the NHS.

Their statement urges the inquiry to dismiss claims that the NHS adequately managed the crisis, emphasising the overwhelming conditions faced by hospitals and staff.

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